PART 1 수질오염 개론 제 1 장 물의 특성 및 오염원 1-1 물의 물리적 성질 ·························· 14 1-2 물의 생물 및 화학적 특성 ············ 16 1-3 수질오염원의 종류 ························· 16 *예상문제 ··············································· 19 제 2 장 수자원의 특성 2-1 물의 부존량과 순환 ······················· 22 2-2 수자원의 종류 ································ 24 *예상문제 ··············································· 28 제 3 장 수질화학 3-1 미량 성분의 농도 ·························· 30 3-2 화학 농도 ······································· 30 3-3 용액과 용해도 ································ 32 3-4 pH ·················································· 33 3-5 화학 반응 ······································· 34 *예상문제 ··············································· 38 제 4 장 수질오염의 지표 4-1 용존산소 ········································· 43 4-2 생물화학적 산소요구량 ·················· 44 4-3 화학적 산소요구량 ························· 45 4-4 SS ·················································· 46 4-5 탁도 ················································ 46 4-6 경도 ················································ 47 4-7 알칼리도 ········································· 48 4-8 산도 ················································ 50 4-9 기타 오염 지표 ······························ 50 *예상문제 ··············································· 52 제 5 장 수질오염과 생태계 5-1 생태계 ············································ 60 5-2 수질오염과 미생물 ························· 61 5-3 독성물질에 대한 생물분석 ············ 69 5-4 수인성 전염병 ································ 70 *예상문제 ··············································· 71 제 6 장 수자원 관리 6-1 하천의 수질오염 관리 ··················· 76 6-2 호수의 수질오염 관리 ··················· 82 6-3 해수의 수질오염 관리 ··················· 85 6-4 토양오염 관리 ································ 88 *예상문제 ··············································· 89 제 7 장 분뇨와 콜로이드성 입자 7-1 분뇨의 특성 및 처리방법 ·············· 96 7-2 콜로이드성 입자 ···························· 97 7-3 기타 공식 ····································· 100 7-4 기체의 법칙 ································· 101 *예상문제 ············································· 102 PART 2 상·하수도 계획 제 1 장 상·하수도의 기본계획 1-1 개요 ·············································· 106 1-2 상수도와 하수도의 계통 ·············· 107 1-3 상·하수도 계획 수립 ················· 108 1-4 인구추정 ······································· 110 1-5 급수량 ·········································· 111 1-6 하수량 ·········································· 113 1-7 우수량 ·········································· 114 *예상문제 ············································· 116 제 2 장 수원 및 취수 설비 2-1 개요 ··············································· 119 2-2 수원의 종류 ··································· 119 2-3 취수시설 ········································ 120 *예상문제 ············································· 128 제 3 장 도수와 송수시설 3-1 도수 및 송수 방식 ······················ 132 3-2 도수 및 송수관로의 결정 ············ 133 3-3 수로의 수리 ································· 133 3-4 관로의 부대시설 ·························· 136 3-5 관 부식의 종류 ···························· 137 *예상문제 ············································· 138 제 4 장 정수시설 4-1 총설 ·············································· 141 4-2 착수정 ·········································· 141 4-3 응집용 약품 주입 설비 ················ 142 4-4 응집지 ·········································· 142 4-5 침전지 ·········································· 143 4-6 급속 여과지 ································· 145 4-7 완속 여과지 ································· 146 4-8 정수지 ·········································· 148 4-9 소독 설비 ····································· 149 4-10 전염소, 중간 염소 처리 ············ 149 4-11 분말 활성탄 흡착 설비 ············· 150 4-12 입상 활성탄 흡착 설비 ············· 151 4-13 오존 처리 설비 ·························· 151 4-14 생물 처리 설비 ·························· 152 4-15 해수의 담수화 시설 ··················· 152 *예상문제 ············································· 154 제 5 장 배수시설 5-1 총설 ·············································· 159 5-2 배수지 ·········································· 160 5-3 배수탑과 고가수조 ······················· 161 5-4 배수관 ·········································· 162 *예상문제 ············································· 165 제 6 장 급수시설 6-1 계획 급수량 ································· 167 6-2 급수 방식 ····································· 167 6-3 설계 수량 ····································· 168 6-4 급수관 ·········································· 168 6-5 교차 연결 ····································· 169 *예상문제 ············································· 170 제 7 장 하수도시설 계획 7-1 하수관거 계획 ······························ 171 7-2 하수의 배제 방식 ························ 172 7-3 우수 배제 계획 ···························· 173 7-4 오수 처리·이용 계획 ················· 174 7-5 소규모 하수도의 기본 계획 ········· 175 7-6 관거시설 ······································· 175 7-7 관거의 종류와 단면 ····················· 176 7-8 관거의 접합과 연결 ····················· 179 7-9 역사이펀 ······································· 180 7-10 맨홀 ··········································· 181 7-11 물받이 및 연결관 ······················ 182 *예상문제 ············································· 184 제 8 장 하수 처리장 시설 8-1 하수 처리 시설 ···························· 190 8-2 슬러지 처리 시설 ························ 194 *예상문제 ············································· 198 제 9 장 펌프장 시설 9-1 상·하수도 펌프장 계획 ·············· 201 9-2 펌프의 종류 ································· 201 9-3 펌프의 계산 ································· 204 9-4 펌프의 특성 ································· 205 9-5 펌프의 운전 장애 ························ 206 9-6 펌프의 설치와 부속 설비 ············ 209 9-7 하수 펌프장 시설 ························ 209 *예상문제 ············································· 211 PART 3 수질오염 방지기술 제 1 장 폐수의 물리적 처리 1-1 스크린 ·········································· 216 1-2 침사지 ·········································· 217 1-3 침전 ·············································· 218 1-4 부상 ·············································· 223 1-5 여과 ·············································· 225 1-6 흡착 ·············································· 227 *예상문제 ············································· 230 제 2 장 폐수의 화학적 처리 2-1 중화 처리 ····································· 235 2-2 산화와 환원 반응조 ····················· 236 2-3 화학적 응집 ································· 237 2-4 이온교환 ······································· 241 2-5 소독 ·············································· 242 *예상문제 ············································· 247 제 3 장 폐수의 생물학적 처리 3-1 개요 ·············································· 252 3-2 활성슬러지법 ································ 252 3-3 살수여상법 ··································· 263 3-4 회전원판법 ··································· 265 3-5 접촉 산화법 ································· 266 3-6 산화지법 ······································· 268 3-7 혐기성의 처리 ······························ 269 3-8 UASB법 ······································· 269 3-9 혐기성 고정 생물막 공법 ············ 270 3-10 혐기성 유동 생물막 공법 ·········· 270 *예상문제 ············································· 271 제 4 장 폐수의 고도 처리 4-1 개요 ·············································· 285 4-2 물리적·화학적 방법에 의한 고도 처리 ····································· 285 4-3 생물화학적 방법에 의한 고도 처리 ····································· 288 4-4 질소·인 제거 프로세스 ·············· 289 4-5 막 분리 공법 ······························· 294 4-6 펜톤 산화법 ································· 297 *예상문제 ············································· 298 제 5 장 유해물질 처리 5-1 유해물질 처리 방법 ····················· 308 *예상문제 ············································· 311 제 6 장 슬러지 처리 6-1 개요 ·············································· 314 6-2 슬러지 농축 ································· 315 6-3 슬러지 안정화 ······························ 316 6-4 슬러지의 개량, 탈수 ··················· 320 *예상문제 ············································· 322 PART 4 수질오염 공정시험기준 제 1 장 총칙, QA/QC, 일반시험기준 *총 칙 ·························· 330 1-1 총칙 ·············································· 330 *QA/QC ························ 333 1-2 정도보증/정도관리 ······················· 333 *예상문제 ············································· 335 *일반시험기준 ···················· 338 1-3 시료의 채취 및 보존방법 ············ 338 1-4 공장폐수 및 하수유량－관 내의 유량측정방법 ································ 344 1-5 공장폐수 및 하수유량－측정용 수로 및 기타 유량측정방법 ················· 348 1-6 하천유량 측정방법 ······················· 352 1-7 시료의 전처리 방법 ····················· 352 1-8 퇴적물 채취 및 분석용 시료 조제 354 *예상문제 ············································· 355 제 2 장 일반항목 및 이온류 *일반항목 ······················· 362 2-1 냄새 ·············································· 362 2-2 노말헥산 추출물질 ······················· 363 2-3 부유물질 ······································· 364 2-4 색도 ·············································· 366 *예상문제 ············································· 367 2-5 생물화학적 산소요구량(BOD) ····· 370 *예상문제 ············································· 372 2-6 수소이온 농도 ······························ 374 2-7 온도 ·············································· 375 2-8 용존산소 ······································· 376 2-9 잔류염소 ······································· 378 *예상문제 ············································· 379 2-10 전기전도도 ································· 381 2-11 총 유기탄소 ······························· 381 2-12 클로로필 a ································· 382 2-13 탁도 ··········································· 383 2-14 투명도 ········································ 384 *예상문제 ············································· 386 2-15 화학적 산소요구량 ····················· 387 *예상문제 ············································· 391 *이온류 ························· 393 2-16 음이온류 ···································· 393 *예상문제 ············································· 397 2-17 불소 ··········································· 398 2-18 브롬이온 ···································· 399 2-19 시안 ··········································· 400 2-20 아질산성 질소 ···························· 401 2-21 암모니아성 질소 ························ 402 *예상문제 ············································· 405 2-23 용존 총인 ··································· 408 2-24 용존 총질소 ······························· 408 2-25 음이온 계면활성제 ····················· 409 2-26 인산염인 ···································· 410 2-27 질산성 질소 ······························· 412 2-28 총인 ··········································· 413 2-29 총질소 ········································ 414 2-30 퍼클로레이트 ····························· 416 2-31 페놀류 ········································ 417 2-32 황산이온 ···································· 418 *예상문제 ············································· 419 제 3 장 중금속 3-1 금속류 ·········································· 421 *예상문제 ············································· 429 3-2 구리 ·············································· 430 3-3 납 ················································· 431 3-4 니켈 ·············································· 433 3-5 망간 ·············································· 433 3-6 바륨 ·············································· 435 3-7 비소 ·············································· 435 3-8 셀레늄 ·········································· 437 3-9 수은 ·············································· 438 3-10 아연 ··········································· 440 *예상문제 ············································· 442 3-11 안티몬 ········································ 445 3-12 주석 ··········································· 445 3-13 철 ··············································· 445 3-14 카드뮴 ········································ 446 3-15 크롬 ··········································· 448 3-16 6가 크롬 ···································· 449 3-17 알킬수은 ···································· 450 *예상문제 ············································· 452 제 4 장 유기물질 및 휘발성 유기 화합물 *유기물질 및 휘발성 유기 화합물 ····· 454 4-1 디에틸헥실프탈레이트 ·················· 454 4-2 석유계총탄화수소 ························· 454 4-3 유기인 ·········································· 455 4-4 폴리클로리네이티드비페닐 ··········· 456 *휘발성 유기 화합물 ··············· 457 4-5 1,4－다이옥산 ····························· 457 4-6 염화비닐, 아크릴로니트릴, 브로모포름 ··································· 458 4-7 휘발성 유기 화합물 ····················· 458 *예상문제 ············································· 461 제 5 장 생물 5-1 총 대장균군 ································· 462 5-2 분원성 대장균군 ·························· 464 5-3 대장균 ·········································· 465 *예상문제 ············································· 466 5-4 물벼룩을 이용한 급성 독성 시험법 ·········································· 467 5-5 식물성 플랑크톤-현미경계수법 ··· 468 *예상문제 ············································· 470 PART 5 수질환경 관계법규 제 1 장 물환경 보전에 관한 법률 제1장 총칙 ························· 474 제2장 공공수역의 물환경 보전 ········· 485 제1절 총칙 ··········································· 485 제2절 국가 및 수계영향권별 물환경 보전 ········································· 500 제3절 호소의 물환경 보전 ··················· 502 제3장 점오염원의 관리 ··············· 504 제1절 산업폐수의 배출규제 ················· 504 제2절 공공폐수처리시설 ······················ 528 제3절 생활하수 및 가축분뇨의 관리 ··· 532 제4장 비점오염원의 관리 ············· 532 제5장 기타수질오염원의 관리 ·········· 538 제6장 폐수처리업 ··················· 539 제7장 보칙 ························ 545 제8장 벌칙 ························ 549 제 2 장 환경정책기본법 / 552 부록 과년도 출제문제 *2013년도 출제문제 ······························································· 558 *2014년도 출제문제 ······························································· 613 *2015년도 출제문제 ······························································· 670 *2016년도 출제문제 ······························································· 726 *2017년도 출제문제 ······························································· 787 *2018년도 출제문제 ······························································· 846