1.1 소성역학 이론 1.1응력 1.1.1 응력의 정의 1.1.2 평형방정식 1.1.3 주응력과 응력불변치 1.1.4 편차응력텐서와 유효응력 1.1.5 2차원 소성역학 문제와 축대칭 문제 1.1.6 항복이론 1.1.6.1 von Mises 항복이론 1.1.6.2 Tresca 항복이론 1.1.6.3 평면응력 문제의 항복함수 1.1.6.4 3차원 문제의 von Mises 항복함수 1.2 고채의 변형 1.2.1 변위장과 변형률 1.2.2 속도장과 병형률속도 1.2.3 주변형률,주변형률속도,불변치 1.2.4 평면변형 문제와 축대칭 문제 1.2.5 변형률속도의 이상화 1.3 후크법칙과 소성유동법칙 1.3.1 인장시험 1.3.2 후크법칙 1.3.3 소성유동법칙 1.3.4 유동응력 1.4 경계조건과 마찰 1.5 소성역학에서의 변분이론 2. Metal Forming wtih emphasis on Forging 2.1 General consoderation 2.2 Metal formed products 2.3 Important factors of forging industry 2.4 Basic and applied processes of forging 2.5 Process development 3.Metal Forming Simulation 3.1 About metal forming 3.1.1 General consideration 3.1.2 Accuracy 3.1.3 Effects of MFS 3.1.4 Application 4. How to Use AFDEX with Basic Applixcation 4.1 2D application 4.1.1 Double-stage cold forging process 4.1.2 Autimatic multi-stage clod forging process 4.1.3 Trimming process 4.2 3D application 4.2.1 Automatic multi-stage hot forging process 4.2.2 Piercing process 4.2.3 Non-isothermal analysis, hot forging process 5.Mathematical Backgrounds and Finite Element Method 5.1 Mathematical backgrounds 5.1.1 Vector 5.1.2 Matrix and linear algebra 5.1.3 Function and differentiation 5.1.4 Integration 5.2 Finite element method 5.2.1 Concept of FEM 5.2.2 Ritz method to boundary value problem 5.2.3 Ritz solution to a beam bending problem 5.2.4 Weighted residual method to boundary value problem 5.2.5 Approximate method and FEM 5.3 Finite element of partial differential equations 5.4 Finite element formulation of mechanical problems 6.Theoretical Backgrounds of Metal Forming Simulation 6.1 Solid mechanics 6.1.1 Unit and dimension 6.1.2 General consideration 6.1.3 Newton's Iaw of motion and statics 6.1.4 Material 6.1.5 Solid mechanics of slender members 6.1.5.1 Uniaxial loading 6.1.5.2 Torsion 6.1.5.3 Beam theory 6.1.5.4 Buckling 6.1.6 Stress concentration 6.2 Engineering plasticity 6.2.1 Mechanical quantutues and indicial notation 6.2.2 Tensile test 6.2.3 Stress 6.2.4 Strain and srtain rate 6.2.5 Constitutive law 6.2.6 Elastoplastcity 6.2.7 Friction 6.2.8 Incompressibility 6.3 Heat transfer 6.4 Heat tremtment and carurizing 6.4.1 Heat treatment 6.4.2 Carburizing 6.5 Induction heating 6.6 Microstructural evolution 6.6.1 Phenomenological model 6.6.2 Multi-scale model 6.7 Damage model and fracture 6.8 Die life 6.9 Summary 7.Major factors affecting FE solutions 7.1 Summary of major factors 7.2 Mesh generation and remeshing 7.3 Flow stress 7.4 Friction, lubrication and wear 8.Special Topics 8.1 Bearing parts forging 8.1.1 Effect of forging simulation on bearing industry 8.1.2 Cold forging 8.1.3 Hot forging 8.1.4 Combined forging 8.1.5 Rotary forging 8.1.6 Ring rolling 8.2 Automatic multi-stage forging 8.2.1 Typical products 8.2.2 Plastic deformation begavior of material 8.2.3 Application example of cold forging 8.2.4 Application example of hot forging 8.2.5 Application example of combined forging 8.3 Plate forging and sheet forming 8.3.1 Layered mesh systems 8.3.2 Plate forging 8.3.3 Clad-material plate forging 8.3.4 Sheet metal forging 8.3.5 Progressive forging 8.3.6 Blanking 8.4 Material Identification 8.4.1 Flow stress from clod tensil test 8.4.2 Flow stress from hot compression test 8.4.3 Flow stress from cold compression test 8.4.4 Materal properties for predicting microstructural evolution 8.5 Radial forging, swaging, and open-die forging 9. Hot lssues 9.1 Complete forging simulation 9.1.1 Extrusion 9.1.2 Axi-symmetric ho extusion 9.1.3 Three-dimensional hot extrusion 9.2 Hottest issues 9.2.1 Induction heation 9.2.2 Heat treatment 9.2.3 Microsrtucture evolution and material identification 9.2.4 Optimal process fesign 9.3 Conclusions