Acknowledgments - vi 1. Teaching Speaking and Listening: An Introduction - 1 2. Teaching Speaking and Listening through the Ages - 17 3. Language Proficiency and Communicative Competence - 31 4. Second Language Acquisition and Teaching Speaking and Listening - 45 5. Teaching Listening in Second or Foreign Language - 61 6. Teaching Speaking in a Second or Foreign Language - 79 7. Teaching Interactive Speaking and Listening - 95 8. Tasks and Projects in Teaching Listening and Speaking - 111 9. Speaking and Listening Fluency - 125 10. Teaching Pronunciation in a Second or Foreign Language - 139 11. Pragmatics, Speech Events, and Speech Acts - 153 12. Assessing L2 Listening - 165 13. Assessing L2 Speaking - 181 14. Assessing Interactive Speaking and Listening - 193 References 205 Index 214