Part 1.Introduction.- 1. History of minimal invasive spine surgery.- 2. Learning curve and complications of minimal invasive spine surgery.- 3. Basic concepts and nomenclature of minimal invasive spine surgery.- Part 2. Endoscopic spine surgery.- 1. History and basic concepts of full-endoscopic spine surgery.- 2. Transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy.- 3. Interlaminar endoscopic lumbar discectomy.- 4. Full-endoscopic decompression for thoracolumbar spinal stenosis.- 5. Transforaminal endoscopic lumbar lateral recess decompression.- 6. Transforaminal endoscopic lumbar foraminotomy/foraminoplasty.- 7. Full-endoscopic anterior cervical spine surgery.- 8. Full-endoscopic posterior cervical spine surgery.- 9. Transforaminal thoracic discectomy and decompression.- 10. Miscellaneous approaches in full-endoscopic spine surgery.- 11. History and basic concepts of unilateral biportal endoscopic surgery (UBE).- 12. Unilateral biportal endoscopic surgery (UBE) for lumbar disc herniation and stenosis.- 13. Unilateral biportal endoscopic surgery (UBE) for cervical and thoracic spine.- 14. Endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion : Full-endoscopic approach.- 15. Endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion : Unilateral biportal endoscopic approach.- 16. Management of complicated cases in endoscopic spine surgery.- Part 3. Minimally invasive spinal procedure.- 1. Overview of minimally invaisve spinal surgery with tubular retractor.- 2. Minimally invasive spinal decompression for lumbar and thoracic spine.- 3. Minimally invasive spinal decompression for cervical spine.- 4. Overview of minimally invasive approach for spinal fusion.- 5. Minimally invasive spinal posterior/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.- 6. Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF).- 7. Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF).- 8. Minimally invasive spinal deformity correction.- 9. Spinal blocks and radiofrequency techniques.- 10. Percutaneous epidural neuroplasty.- 11. Percutaneous transforaminal annuloplasty and decompression.- 12. Trans-sacral epiduroscopic laser disc decompression (SELD).- 13. Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty.- Part 4. Motion preservation techniques.- 1. History and bascic concepts of motion preservation tehniques.- 2. Artificial disc replacement for cervical spine.- 3. Artificial disc replacement for lumbar spine.- 4. Posterior dynamic stabilization(Interspinous process device).- 5. Posterior dynamic stabilization(screw and dynamic rod).- Part 5. New technologies in minimally invasive spine surgery.- 1. Navigation-guided spine surgery.- 2. Robotic surgery.- 3. Artificial intentillence in minimally invasive spine surgery.