제 1 부 스포츠의 사회학적 이해 및 스포츠와 사회과정 제1장 스포츠 및 스포츠 사회학의 이해 ······················································································· 28 스포츠의 이해 ························································································································· 28 1. 스포츠의 정의 14기출 18지도 ㆍ 28 1-1. 놀이 07기출 13기출 22기출 ㆍ 29 1-2. 게임 ㆍ 33 1-3. 스포츠 14기출 ㆍ 33 2. 스포츠의 핵심요소 17지도 22기출 ㆍ 33 3. 스포츠의 범위 ㆍ 35 4. 스포츠의 특성 09기출 14기출 18지도 ㆍ 35 5. 제도화 14기출 22기출 ㆍ 36 6. 스포츠 분류 ㆍ 37 7. 근대 스포츠의 특성 /현대 스포츠의 특징 16기출 18기출 20기출 ㆍ 40 스포츠와 세계화 ····················································································································· 47 1. 스포츠 세계화의 이해 ㆍ 47 1-1. 스포츠 세계화의 정의 ㆍ 47 1-2. 근대스포츠의 전파 ㆍ 48 2. 스포츠 세계화의 동인 ㆍ 50 2-1. 제국주의(imperialism) ㆍ 50 2-2. 민족주의(nationalism) ㆍ 50 2-3. 종교 ㆍ 51 2-4. 테크놀리지의 진보 ㆍ 52 3. 신자유주의 시대의 스포츠 ㆍ 52 3-1. 신자유주의적 세계화의 이해 ㆍ 52 3-2. 스포츠의 신자유주의적 세계화 ㆍ 53 3-3. 신자유주의적 세계화의 그림자 ㆍ 54 3-4. 신자유주의 시대의 문화제국주의 ㆍ 54 스포츠와 의사종교 [스포츠에서의 초자연적인 힘] 10기출 ····················································· 56 제2장 스포츠에서의 사회이론의 적용 ··························································································· 58 사회 ········································································································································· 58 1. 사회관계 ㆍ 58 2. 사회구조 ㆍ 58 사회이론에 대한 이해 ············································································································ 59 스포츠 사회학의 주요 이론 요약 ·························································································· 59 구조기능론: 스포츠는 삶의 활력소다. 06기출 10기출 11기출 ····················································· 60 1. 주요내용 ㆍ 60 2. 스포츠와 구조기능론 ㆍ 61 2-1. 파슨스(T. Parsons)의 구조기능주의 ㆍ 61 2-2. 머튼(R. Merton)의 구조기능주의 ㆍ 63 3. 한계점 ㆍ 64 갈등이론: 스포츠는 아편이다. 05기출 11기출 ··········································································· 66 1. 주요내용 ㆍ 66 2. 스포츠와 갈등론 ㆍ 67 3. 주요 관심사 ㆍ 68 3-1. ？？출처: 스포츠 사회학 한태룡 등 공저 ㆍ 68 3-2. 존 하그리브스(J. Hargreaves)는 갈등이론에 입각하여 스포츠 현상을 4가지로 정리 ㆍ 70 4. 한계점 ㆍ 71 비판이론: 스포츠는 사회적으로 구성된다. ············································································ 72 1. 주요내용 ㆍ 72 2. 스포츠와 비판이론 ㆍ 72 2-1. ？？출처: 스포츠 사회학 한태룡 등 공저 ㆍ 72 3. 스포츠의 도구적 이성(합리성) 비판 20기출 ㆍ 74 4. 문화산업의 하나로서 스포츠 비판 ㆍ 75 5. 한계 ㆍ 75 상징적 상호작용론 17기출 ······································································································· 77 1. 상징적 상호작용론에 대한 이해 ㆍ 77 2. 스포츠와 상징적 상호작용론 ㆍ 78 2-1. Cooley의 상징적 상호작용론 ㆍ 78 2-2. Mead의 상징적 상호작용론 ㆍ 78 3. 한계 17기출 ㆍ 80 교환이론 22기출 ························································································································ 80 1. 교환이론에 대한 이해 ㆍ 80 2. 스포츠와 호만스(Homans)의 교환이론 22기출 ㆍ 81 제3장 스포츠 사회화의 이해 및 과정 ·························································································· 88 스포츠 사회화의 개념 ············································································································ 88 1. 사회화 및 스포츠 사회화의 의미 ㆍ 88 2. 스포츠 사회화의 개념 ㆍ 88 스포츠 사회화의 이론 ············································································································ 90 1. 사회 학습 이론(social learning theory) 04기출 공청회 12기출 ㆍ 90 2. 역할 이론(role theory) ㆍ 94 3. 준거 집단 이론(reference group theory) 23기출 ㆍ 95 스포츠로의 사회화 ·················································································································· 97 1. 스포츠로의 사회화 의미 ㆍ 97 2. 스포츠의 참여(스포츠개입) 09기출 10기출 13기출 ㆍ 99 3. 스포츠 사회화의 주관자 공청회 99기출 ㆍ 100 스포츠를 통한 사회화 공청회 09기출 ······················································································ 103 1. 스포츠를 통한 사회화 의미 ㆍ 103 2. 스포츠와 태도 형성 99기출 07기출 10기출 12기출 13기출 21기출 ㆍ 104 2-1. 스포츠 역할의 경험 99기출 07기출 10기출 12기출 13기출 21기출 23기출 ㆍ 104 2-2. 스포츠 가치형성 ㆍ 110 2-3. 스포츠와 태도 공청회 12기출 ㆍ 111 3. 스포츠 사회화와 경기 성향 ㆍ 113 4. 스포츠를 통한 사회화에 있어서 전이의 일반적 특성(스나이더(Snyder)) 08기출 09기출 13기출 17기출 ㆍ 115 스포츠로부터의 탈사회화(desocialization from sport) 09기출 13기출 ······························ 120 1. 비조직적 스포츠에서의 탈사회화 ㆍ 120 2. 조직적 스포츠에서의 탈사회화 ㆍ 121 3. 운동선수의 탈사회화 ㆍ 121 4. 프로 선수의 은퇴 ㆍ 122 스포츠로의 재사회화 공청회 09기출 13기출 ·············································································· 122 1. ？？출처: 스포츠 사회학 한태룡 등 공저 ㆍ 122 전문 선수의 스포츠 사회화 과정(Peter Donelly & Kevin Young) ······························ 124 1. 정체성 구성 단계(⑴~⑶단계) ㆍ 124 2. 정체성 확인 ㆍ 124 제4장 스포츠와 사회구조: 스포츠와 사회집단 ·········································································· 126 사회구조의 이해 ··················································································································· 126 1. 사회적 범주 ㆍ 126 2. 사회집단 ㆍ 127 3. 사회조직 ㆍ 127 스포츠와 집단 ······················································································································ 128 1. 스포츠 집단의 개념 ㆍ 128 2. 스포츠와 집단 구조 ㆍ 129 스포츠 집단 구조의 요인 ···································································································· 130 1. 집단 내 위치 ㆍ 130 2. 집단 내 지위 ㆍ 130 2-1. 사회적 지위 ㆍ 132 3. 집단 내 역할 ㆍ 132 3-1. 스포츠 집단 역할의 의미 ㆍ 132 3-2. 스포츠 집단과 사회적 역할 ㆍ 133 4. 스포츠 집단의 규범 ㆍ 135 4-1. 스포츠 집단 규범의 특성 ㆍ 135 4-2. 스포츠 집단 규범의 유형 ㆍ 136 4-3. 스포츠 집단 규범의 기능 ㆍ 137 스포츠 집단의 발달 과정 07기출 11기출 15기출 21기출 ···························································· 137 1. 선형 모형(Tuckman) 07기출 11기출 15기출 21기출 ㆍ 138 2. 진자 모형 ㆍ 142 3. 주기 모형 ㆍ 143 4. 결론 ㆍ 143 스포츠 집단의 분류 ············································································································· 144 1. 1차집단과 2차집단 분류 ㆍ 144 1-1. 집단에 대한 결합의지와 친밀성에 따른 분류(쿨리, Cooley) ㆍ 144 1-2. 구성원의 접촉 방식에 따른 사회집단(루탄 Luthans,1994) ㆍ 145 2. 집단의 공식성에 따른 분류 ㆍ 145 3. 단계별 스포츠 집단 ㆍ 145 4. 분류 기준에 따른 유형 ㆍ 146 스포츠 집단의 경쟁과 협동 ································································································· 146 1. 스포츠 집단에서의 경쟁과 협동의 본질 ㆍ 146 2. 경쟁과 협동의 행동적 결과 ㆍ 147 3. 경쟁과 협동의 운동 수행적 결과 ㆍ 148 스포츠 집단의 환경 ············································································································· 148 1. 스포츠 집단의 과제 ㆍ 148 1-1. 스포츠 집단 과제의 특성(Hackman과 Oldham) ㆍ 148 1-2. 스포츠 집단 과제의 유형 ㆍ 149 2. 스포츠 집단의 활동 영역(Altman은 통제 수준) ㆍ 149 스포츠와 집단 구성 ············································································································· 150 1. 스포츠집단 구성원의 특성 ㆍ 150 스포츠 집단과 응집성 ·········································································································· 150 1. 스포츠 집단과 응집력 12기출 ㆍ 151 1-1. 응집력(또는 응집성)의 개념 ㆍ 151 1-2. 스포츠 집단 응집력과 경기력 ㆍ 151 2. 응집성의 측정 00기출 09기출 12기출 ㆍ 151 3. 스포츠 집단 응집성의 구성 요인(Carron) 00기출 ㆍ 154 4. 스포츠 집단 응집성의 영향 ㆍ 156 제5장 스포츠와 사회구조: 스포츠와 사회조직 ·········································································· 158 스포츠 조직의 개념 ············································································································· 158 스포츠 조직의 구조 ············································································································· 158 1. 사회적 지위 ㆍ 159 2. 사회적 역할 ㆍ 159 3. 사회적 규범 ㆍ 160 4. 스포츠 조직의 구조적 특성 19기출 ㆍ 161 스포츠 조직의 유형과 수준 ································································································· 164 1. 스포츠 조직의 유형 15기출 ㆍ 164 1-1. 블라우(Blau)와 스콧(Scott)의 주 수혜자별 조직 유형 15기출 ㆍ 164 2. 스포츠 조직의 수준 19기출 ㆍ 165 스포츠 조직과 리더십 ·········································································································· 167 1. 리더십이론 ㆍ 167 2. 리더십과 조직효율성 ㆍ 167 3. 리더십의 유형 ㆍ 168 스포츠 조직 문화 ················································································································· 168 1. 스포츠조직 문화 ㆍ 168 2. 스포츠조직 문화 이해(Slack & Parent, 2006) ㆍ 169 제 2 부 스포츠와 사회제도 제1장 스포츠와 정치 ···················································································································· 172 스포츠와 정치의 관계 ·········································································································· 172 1. 정치의 개념 ㆍ 172 2. 스포츠의 정치적 속성 20지도 22기출 ㆍ 172 2-1. 대표성(representative) 20지도 ㆍ 173 2-2. 권력투쟁(power struggle) ㆍ 173 2-3. 상호의존성 ㆍ 174 2-4. 긴장관계 ㆍ 174 2-5. 보수성(조직적 연관성) 13기출 ㆍ 174 2-6. 우민화도구 ㆍ 175 3. 스포츠의 정치적 기능 ㆍ 176 3-1. 스포츠의 정치적 순기능 ㆍ 176 3-2. 스포츠의 정치적 역기능 ㆍ 177 4. 정치는 왜 스포츠를 이용하는가? 17기출 ㆍ 177 5. 정치의 스포츠 이용방법 06기출 12기출 ㆍ 178 5-1. 상징 ㆍ 179 5-2. 동일화 ㆍ 179 5-3. 조작 ㆍ 179 6. 스포츠와 정치 개입 15지도 ㆍ 183 6-1. 공공질서 보호 ㆍ 183 6-2. 시민들의 건강 및 체력 유지 ㆍ 184 6-3. 지역사회나 국가의 명성(위신) 고취 ㆍ 184 6-4. 정체성과 소속감 증진 ㆍ 185 6-5. 지배적인 정치 이데올로기와 관련된 가치 재생산 ㆍ 185 6-6. 정치지도자와 정부에 대한 시민의 지지 증진 ㆍ 185 6-7. 국가 및 지역사회의 경제발전 도모 ㆍ 186 국가정치에서의 스포츠 ········································································································ 187 1. 정권안정과 사회통합 ㆍ 187 2. 내셔널리즘(민족주의)의 강화 ㆍ 187 3. 사회적 안전판의 수단 ㆍ 188 4. 사회복지의 수단 ㆍ 188 스포츠와 국내정치 ··············································································································· 189 1. 스포츠정책의 두 얼굴: 복지에서 이데올로기까지 ㆍ 189 2. 정치의 개입 원인 ㆍ 189 스포츠와 국제정치 ··············································································································· 191 1. 국제정치에서 스포츠의 역할 17기출 15지도 18지도 13기출 ㆍ 192 2. 올림픽과 정치 17기출 17지도 ㆍ 197 정치 수준과 스포츠 ············································································································· 200 1. 국가 사회와 스포츠 06기출 ㆍ 200 국제정치에서 스포츠 이용/스포츠가 국제정치에서 개입되는 방식 공청회 12기출 17기출 ····· 201 1. 외교적 도구 ㆍ 201 2. 정치이념 선전 / 이데올로기 및 체제 선전의 수단 ㆍ 202 3. 국위 선양 12기출 ㆍ 203 4. 국제 이해와 평화 증진 12기출 ㆍ 203 5. 외교적 항의 17기출 ㆍ 204 6. 갈등 및 적대감의 표출 / 갈등 및 전쟁의 촉매 ㆍ 205 제2장 스포츠와 경제 ···················································································································· 208 현대스포츠 발전에 영향을 미친 사회적 요인 ····································································· 208 스포츠와 상업주의 ··············································································································· 208 1. 상업주의 스포츠가 출현하기 위한 몇 가지 조건(coakley) 18기출 ㆍ 208 2. 상업주의와 스포츠의 변화 ㆍ 210 3. 스포츠 본질의 변화 ㆍ 211 4. 상업주의와 스포츠의 변화 11기출 13기출 18기출 20기출 ㆍ 211 4-1. 스포츠 목적의 변화 20기출 21기출 ㆍ 212 4-2. 스포츠 구조 ㆍ 215 4-3. 스포츠 내용 ㆍ 216 4-4. 스포츠 조직의 변화 19지도 ㆍ 218 스포츠와 마케팅 15지도 ········································································································· 221 1. 스포츠마케팅의 이해 ㆍ 221 1-1. 스포츠 마케팅 ㆍ 222 1-2. 스포츠를 통한 마케팅 ㆍ 222 프로스포츠의 사회적 기능 ··································································································· 223 1. 프로스포츠의 순기능 ㆍ 223 프로스포츠 상업화의 다양한 제도와 그 이중성 21기출 20기출 18기출 19지도 ························· 224 1. 보류(유보) 조항(reserve clause) ㆍ 224 2. 신인선수 드래프트(draft) 18기출 ㆍ 224 3. 트레이드(trade) ㆍ 225 4. 샐러리 캡(salary cap) ㆍ 225 5. 최저연봉제와 연봉조정신청(Salary Arbitration) ㆍ 226 6. 선수 대리인(에이전트, Agent) 제도 ㆍ 226 7. 자유계약제도(free agent, FA) 20기출 ㆍ 227 8. 웨이버 조항(waiver rule) ㆍ 227 제3장 스포츠와 교육 ···················································································································· 230 스포츠와 교육 체계 ············································································································· 230 1. 학교체육의 이해 ㆍ 230 스포츠의 교육적 기능 ·········································································································· 230 - 스포츠의 교육적 순기능 05기출 ····················································································· 231 1. 전인교육 ㆍ 231 2. 사회통합 ㆍ 231 3. 사회 선도 ㆍ 231 - 스포츠의 교육적 역기능 05기출 ····················································································· 233 1. 교육목표의 결핍 ㆍ 233 2. 부정행위 조장 ㆍ 233 3. 편협한 인간 육성 ㆍ 233 우리나라 스포츠 교육 정상화를 위한 다양한 노력 ···························································· 234 1. 루만(Luhman)의 사회체계이론과 공부하는 학생선수상 ㆍ 234 2. 파슨스(Parson)의 AGIL 기능 모형과 공부하는 학생선수상 ㆍ 234 3. 주류문화ㆍ반문화와 공부하는 학생선수상 ㆍ 235 스포츠육성의 모델 22기출 ····································································································· 237 1. 피라미드 모델 - 힐튼과 브래엄(Hylton & Bramham) ㆍ 237 2. 낙수효과(落水效果, trickle-down effects) 모델 ㆍ 237 3. 선순환 모델 - 그릭스 22기출 ㆍ 237 3-1. 선순환 모델에 대한 비판 ㆍ 239 학교 체육 참여 기회의 평등(Coleman) ············································································· 239 1. 허용적 평등 단계 ㆍ 239 2. 보장적 평등 단계 ㆍ 240 3. 과정의 평등 단계 ㆍ 240 4. 결과의 평등 단계 ㆍ 241 제4장 스포츠와 대중매체(미디어) ······························································································· 242 대중매체(미디어)의 개념 ······································································································ 242 1. 대중매체(미디어)의 이해 ㆍ 242 2. 매스미디어의 분류 ㆍ 242 스포츠와 매스미디어 이론 ··································································································· 243 1. 맥루한(McLuhan)의 매체 이론 16기출 ㆍ 243 1-1. 맥루한의 미디어 분류를 스포츠 적용(Loy와 Birrel) 03기출 10기출 12기출 16기출 ㆍ 245 1-1-1. 스포츠 매체 (sportmedia) ㆍ 246 1-1-2. 매체 스포츠 (mediasport) ㆍ 246 2. 대중 전달 이론 ㆍ 249 2-1. 개인차 이론(individual differences theory) 12기출 13기출 21기출 ㆍ 249 2-2. 사회 범주 이론(social categories theory) ㆍ 252 2-3. 사회관계 이론(social relationships theory) ㆍ 253 2-4. 문화 규범 이론(cultural norms theory) ㆍ 254 스포츠와 대중매체의 관계 ··································································································· 254 1. 매스미디어가 스포츠에 미치는 영향 ㆍ 255 2. 스포츠가 매스미디어에 미치는 영향 ㆍ 256 2-1. 프로그램 편성의 용이 ㆍ 257 2-2. 미디어의 주요 콘텐츠 구성 ㆍ 257 2-3. 미디어사의 수익 증대 ㆍ 258 2-4. 스포츠 저널리즘의 직업적 영역 확대 ㆍ 258 2-5. 매체기술 발전 ㆍ 258 3. 스포츠와 대중매체의 공생적 관계 ㆍ 258 미디어스포츠의 이데올로기 전파 ························································································ 259 1. 자본주의 이데올로기/소비 이데올로기 ㆍ 259 2. 성(=젠더) 이데올로기 ㆍ 260 3. 성공 이데올로기 ㆍ 260 4. 영웅 이데올로기 ㆍ 260 옐로우 저널리즘(Yellow Journalism)과 보편적 접근권(Universal Access) ················ 261 1. 옐로우 저널리즘(Yellow Journalism) ㆍ 261 2. 스포츠 중계방송의 독점과 보편적 접근권(Universal Access) ㆍ 261 미디어스포츠의 효과 ············································································································ 262 제 3 부 스포츠와 사회문제 제1장 스포츠와 사회계층 ············································································································· 266 사회계층에 대한 이해 ·········································································································· 266 1. 사회 계층의 의미 ㆍ 266 2. 계층과 계급 ㆍ 266 스포츠에서의 사회계층 ········································································································ 267 1. 스포츠계층의 개념 ㆍ 267 2. 상류계층 스포츠의 특징: 고비용 개인 스포츠, 세습, 과시적 소비성향 20기출 ㆍ 268 스포츠 계층의 이론 10기출 ··································································································· 270 1. 기능주의 이론 ㆍ 270 2. 갈등 이론 ㆍ 271 투민Tumin)의 스포츠 계층의 형성 과정(1~4) 04기출 08기출 09기출 10기출 ·························· 272 1. 지위의 분화 ㆍ 273 2. 지위의 서열화 ㆍ 274 3. 평가 ㆍ 276 4. 보수 부여 ㆍ 277 사회계층의 특징과 스포츠 ··································································································· 279 1. 사회성(사회 구성성) 04기출 12기출 ㆍ 279 2. 고래성(古來性, 역사성) 04기출 12기출 23기출 ㆍ 281 3. 보편성(편재성) 12기출 14기출 ㆍ 283 4. 다양성 12기출 ㆍ 284 5. 영향성 12기출 ㆍ 285 스포츠와 사회 이동 ············································································································· 289 1. 사회이동의 요인 ㆍ 290 1-1. 개인적 요인 ㆍ 290 1-2. 개인능력에 대한 평가(귀속적인가, 성취적인가의 문제) ㆍ 290 1-3. 사회구조의 분화 정도 ㆍ 291 1-4. 사회통제의 방식 ㆍ 291 2. 사회 이동의 유형 08기출 10기출 13기출 23기출 ㆍ 291 2-1. 이동의 방향에 의한 구분 23기출 ㆍ 292 2-2. 시간적 거리에 의한 구분 23기출 ㆍ 293 2-3. 이동의 주체에 따른 구분 ㆍ 294 2-4. 계층이동에 미치는 인간관계에 따른 구분 ㆍ 294 3. 사회 이동 기제로서의 스포츠 13기출 ㆍ 295 4. 부르디외(Pierre Bourdieu) 자본 14기출 20기출 23기출 ㆍ 297 5. 부르디외(Pierre Bourdieu)의 ‘아비투스(habitus)’ 23기출 ㆍ 299 제2장 스포츠와 여성 ···················································································································· 304 젠더 주요 개념 성(젠더) 이해하기 ····················································································· 304 1. 사회학적 성(젠더)와 생물학적 성(섹스) ㆍ 304 2. 젠더 고정관념 ㆍ 304 3. 젠더 사회화 ㆍ 304 4. 젠더 분극화 23기출 ㆍ 304 5. 젠더 이데올로기 ㆍ 305 6. 페미니즘 ㆍ 305 7. 젠더 불평등 특정 ㆍ 305 성 역할과 스포츠 19기출 23기출 ····························································································· 305 1. 성(젠더) 역할의 사회화 19기출 ㆍ 305 2. 성 역할 분극화 19기출 23기출 / 성(젠더) 고정관념 ㆍ 307 3. 스포츠와 성(젠더) 역할 갈등 19기출 ㆍ 308 3-1. 젠더 역할 갈등 ㆍ 308 3-2. 역할긴장, 역할모순의 개념을 스포츠에 접목하여 알기 ㆍ 308 스포츠와 페미니즘(젠더 불평등을 보는 스포츠사회학의 관점) 10기출 12기출 13기출 14기출 19기출 ··························································································· 310 1. 자유주의적 관점 ㆍ 311 2. 맑스주의적 관점 ㆍ 313 3. 급진주의적 관점 12기출 ㆍ 315 4. 사회주의적 관점 ㆍ 318 5. 남성페미니즘 ㆍ 320 스포츠와 젠더불평등 ············································································································ 323 1. 젠더불평등의 역사 ㆍ 323 2. 젠더불평등의 실제 ㆍ 325 3. 젠더불평등의 이데올로기 ㆍ 326 3-1. 여성의 스포츠 참여 편견 13기출 ㆍ 326 3-2. 젠더불평등 이데올로기의 학습: 가정, 학교 ㆍ 328 3-3. 젠더불평등 이데올로기의 유포: 미디어 ㆍ 329 3-4. 젠더불평등 이데올로기의 재생산: 스포츠 ㆍ 330 전망: 여성 스포츠의 성장을 위해 ······················································································· 331 1. 새로운 기획의 확대 ㆍ 331 2. 여성평등보장제도의 확립 ㆍ 331 3. 페미니즘 운동의 성장 ㆍ 332 4. 건강과 체력에 대한 인식 변화 ㆍ 332 5. 미디어의 관심 증가 ㆍ 332 스포츠에서의 성차별 ············································································································ 333 1. 성차별의 개념 ㆍ 333 2. 스포츠에 있어서 성차별의 사회적 근원 06기출 10기출 13기출 ㆍ 334 스포츠에서의 젠더 평등의 전망 ·························································································· 336 1. 국가적 차원의 노력 ㆍ 336 2. 국내ㆍ외 스포츠 조직에서의 젠더 평등을 위한 노력 23기출 ㆍ 336 제3장 스포츠와 일탈 ···················································································································· 338 일탈의 이해 ·························································································································· 338 1. 일탈의 개념 ㆍ 338 1-1. 절대론적 일탈 20기출 ㆍ 338 1-2. 상대론적 일탈 ㆍ 338 2. 스포츠 일탈의 당면 과제 ㆍ 340 3. 스포츠일탈의 유형 ㆍ 341 4. 과소동조와 과잉동조 ㆍ 343 5. 과잉동조로서 스포츠 일탈(긍정적 일탈) 17기출 ㆍ 344 스포츠 일탈의 특성 ············································································································· 350 1. 스포츠 일탈의 기능 ㆍ 350 1-1. 역기능 ㆍ 350 1-2. 순기능 ㆍ 351 2. 일탈의 상대성 ㆍ 352 2-1. 시간의 상대성(기준의 가변성) ㆍ 352 2-2. 사회적 (상황의) 상대성 ㆍ 353 2-3. 장소의 상대성 ㆍ 353 스포츠에 있어서 일탈의 주요 이론 ····················································································· 354 1. 구조기능적 관점 ㆍ 355 1-1. 아노미 이론 99기출 09기출 13기출 15기출 ㆍ 355 1-1-1. 개요: 사회적 측면의 일탈 ㆍ 355 1-1-2. 머튼(Merton)의 아노미 이론 특징 ㆍ 355 1-1-3. 스포츠 일탈에 대한 머튼의 아노미 이론의 적용 09기출 11기출 ㆍ 356 1-1-4. 머튼의 다섯 가지 행동 양식 99기출 13기출 15기출 21기출 ㆍ 357 1-2. 일탈의 기능론(에릭슨) ㆍ 363 2. 갈등론적 관점 ㆍ 364 2-1. 경제적 갈등 ㆍ 364 2-2. 인종적 갈등 ㆍ 366 2-3. 젠더 갈등 ㆍ 366 3. 상호작용론적 관점 11기출 12기출 ㆍ 367 3-1. 차별교제이론 12기출 ㆍ 367 3-2. 낙인이론 12기출 21기출 ㆍ 367 사회통제이론: 허스키(Hirschi)의 사회결속이론(social bonding theory) 21기출 ············· 368 스포츠 일탈의 유형 11기출 14기출 17기출 20기출 ····································································· 372 1. 긍정적 일탈(적극적 일탈: positive deviance, 과동조, 과수용) 11기출 ㆍ 373 1-1. 과 트레이닝 ㆍ 375 1-2. 부상투혼 ㆍ 376 1-3. 운동중독 ㆍ 376 2. 부정적 일탈 ㆍ 376 2-1. 약물 복용 ㆍ 376 2-2. 폭력행위 11기출 14기출 20기출 ㆍ 376 2-3. 부정행위 ㆍ 382 2-4. 조직적 일탈 ㆍ 383 2-5. 범죄행위 ㆍ 384 코클리(J. Coakley)의 스포츠 일탈 행위의 구조적 원인 99기출 23기출 ······························ 384 1. 양립 불가능한 가치 지향 ㆍ 384 2. 승리에 대한 강박 관념 ㆍ 385 3. 경쟁적 보상구조 ㆍ 385 4. 역할 갈등 23기출 ㆍ 385 운동선수 범죄 이론 ············································································································· 386 1. 정화이론(catharsis) ㆍ 387 2. 사회학습이론(social learning theory) ㆍ 387 제4장 스포츠와 집합 행동 ··········································································································· 388 스포츠 집합행동의 이해 ······································································································ 388 1. 집합행동의 개념 ㆍ 388 2. 집합행동의 유형 ㆍ 389 군중행동 유형 ······················································································································ 389 1. 우연적 군중(임시적 군중) ㆍ 390 2. 인습적 군중 ㆍ 390 3. 표출적 군중 ㆍ 391 4. 능동적 군중 22기출 ㆍ 391 4-1. 도피적 폭도 ㆍ 392 4-2. 취득적 폭도 ㆍ 393 4-3. 공격적 폭도 22기출 ㆍ 393 4-4. 표출적 폭도 ㆍ 393 집합 행동의 유형 11기출 ······································································································· 395 1. 수동적 관중 ㆍ 395 2. 활동적 군중 11기출 ㆍ 395 관중폭력 ······························································································································· 396 스포츠 집합행동의 이해 ······································································································ 397 1. 스포츠 관중행동의 순기능 ㆍ 397 2. 스포츠 관중행동의 역기능 ㆍ 398 스포츠 집합행동의 원인(스포츠 집합행동 발생 요인) ······················································· 398 1. 사회 문화적 요인 ㆍ 398 2. 사회 구조적 요인 ㆍ 399 3. 상황적 요인 ㆍ 400 스포츠 집합행동(=관중행동)의 유형 11기출 13기출 ······························································· 402 1. 스미스(Smith, 1983)가 언급한 쟁점성 관중행동과 무쟁점성 관중행동에 관하여 알기 ㆍ 403 1-1. 쟁점성 관중행동 11기출 ㆍ 403 1-2. 무쟁점성 관중행동 13기출 ㆍ 404 2. 만(Mann, 1979)의 FORCE 유형 ㆍ 407 스포츠 집합행동의 통제전략 ······························································································· 407 집합 행동 이론 12기출 14기출 22기출 ······················································································ 409 1. 전염 이론(contagion perspective) 22기출 ㆍ 409 2. 수렴 이론(convergence perspective) 14기출 ㆍ 410 3. 발현적 규범(규범생성) 이론(emergent norm perspective) ㆍ 411 4. 부가 가치 이론(value-added perspective) 22기출 ㆍ 413 제5장 스포츠 세계화 ···················································································································· 418 세계화의 이해 ······················································································································ 418 1. 세계화(globalization) ㆍ 418 2. 세계화(Held & Mcgrew, 2000) ㆍ 418 3. 세방화(Gloca셋방zation) 23기출 ㆍ 418 스포츠 세계화의 이해 ·········································································································· 418 스포츠 세계화에 대한 논쟁들 ······························································································ 418 1. 스포츠세계화와 스포츠세방화 ㆍ 418